Parliamentary.ai

Overview

The Geneva Conventions and United Nations Personnel (Protocols) Act 2009 amended existing UK law to incorporate two international protocols: one adding a new protective emblem to the Geneva Conventions, and the other clarifying the definition of "UN worker" under the United Nations Personnel Act 1997.

Description

This Act updated the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 to recognize the Third Protocol to the Geneva Conventions (adopted December 8, 2005). This protocol introduced a new distinctive emblem—a red square on a white background—to be used alongside the existing Red Cross and Red Crescent symbols. The Act also clarifies the legal definition of "grave breaches" to include breaches of this Third Protocol. Specifically, the Act amends the definition of grave breaches to include the perfidious use of the new emblem.

Furthermore, the Act amended the United Nations Personnel Act 1997 to align UK law with the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel (also adopted December 8, 2005). This clarified the definition of "UN worker" to include personnel involved in humanitarian, political, or development assistance in peacebuilding, and emergency humanitarian assistance. The Act also includes an opt-out clause for operations delivering emergency humanitarian assistance in response to natural disasters.

Government Spending

The Act itself doesn't directly specify government spending figures. The cost of implementing the changes, such as amending legislation and potentially providing training, would be absorbed into existing government budgets related to defense and international aid. The provided text mentions a publication cost of £5.50, which is unrelated to government operational spending.

Groups Affected

• Armed forces: The Act affects their training and operational procedures regarding the new emblem and updated definitions.
• Medical and religious personnel: Both military and those working under UN auspices now have the option to use the new emblem.
• National Societies (Red Cross/Crescent): They are impacted by the adoption of the new emblem and associated regulations.
• United Nations personnel: The clarified definition of "UN worker" affects eligibility for protection and legal frameworks.
• Civilian population: Increased awareness and understanding of the new emblem are encouraged through educational programs.